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Showing posts with label Family History. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Family History. Show all posts

Tuesday, April 23, 2019

A Picture Worth a Thousand Words: Peter McIntyre

Peter McIntyre - Photo from FamilySearch.org memories
Sometimes a picture says it all...

Peter McIntyre was born 17 March 1790 in Succoth, Argyllshire, Scotland, to Archibald MacIntyre and Mary McGlashan.

He was baptized as a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in 1840 and served as a Christian missionary for years throughout the Highlands. 

He eventually immigrated to Tooele, Utah, United States, where he died on 10 April 1872.

Something unique about Peter is that he wrote his autobiography, giving details about his time fighting in the Napoleonic Wars, being a missionary and travelling to Utah.

One of my current projects is writing a historical fiction novel from his autobiography. A labor of love that is taking me a long time!


Friday, March 29, 2019

Connected in Strykersville

Once, when driving through New York a couple of summers ago, in a small town called Strykersville, my mom and I saw a small sign on the side of the road: "Strykersville Pioneer Cemetery." Though to our knowledge we had no ancestors from Strykersville, the quaint sign with the old swinging gate, surrounded by tall trees, called to me, and we decided to park the car on the side of the road and explore.

As we entered, there seemed to me to be a feeling of untouched hallowedness. Some headstones were still standing and readable, while others were broken, covered with moss, grass, and dirt - only a faded remembrance of the people they had once honored. 

There were several stones near the front, belonging to Revolutionary War veterans, a discovery which delighted me! Growing up in the west, I had never come across such old relics of the past, and my imagination wandered to far off times and places where freedom and liberty was so valiantly sacrificed for. I wondered what all the tall trees I then stood in the midst of, had seen.


I was saddened that so many of the headstones in this solemn place had been forgotten and left to decay. But, standing  among them, I felt strongly connected to these seemingly forgotten people. I was not related to them, did not known their names, yet they, whoever they were, were real to me. I realized that you don't need to be related to someone or even know their name, to be able to feel connected to them. And really, isn't that why family history and history are important? So that we can be connected through the ages?

On that same trip to New York, in a small shop, I came across a plaque with this quote:

"The past is not dead, it is living in us, and will be alive in the future which we are now helping to make." - William Morris

How fitting to find this quote only a few days after being in Strykersville; a place where, though not on the records of my family tree, I made a tender connection.

Friday, March 15, 2019

My RootsTech Story (and a little recap)

This isn't necessarily a story, although I suppose it is part of my own life story, so scratch that!

Flash back to RootsTech 2015: I had never heard of RootsTech, but I had just applied to Brigham Young University’s Family History and Genealogy program, and so when my parents suggested I go, I was all for it. While I had always enjoyed doing family history and genealogy as a teenager, I was still very much an infant in my knowledge of it. RootsTech was my introduction not only to many of the basic skills of family history, but also to the genealogical world. I also met many of the BYU Family History faculty, and between that and all the classes I went to, it was confirmed in my mind that the decision I had made to apply to the program was the right one for me. Two weeks after RootsTech, when I got my acceptance letter to BYU, I was beyond excited to begin my journey into the Family History and Genealogy profession.
After my first RootsTech and
acceptance to BYU

RootsTech 2016, 2017 and 2018, my class schedule and finances only made it possible for me to attend the free Family Discovery Day at RootsTech while volunteering at the BYU booth in the Expo Hall. But each year I learned something new and my increased knowledge from all of my classes during the year, gave me a new perspective each RootsTech.

Now to RootsTech 2019: I was finally able to attend all four days and my perspective was a little different going into RootsTech this year than it was my first year. As a graduated student, hoping to find my niche in the Genealogical world, and with more of a focused view of which classes I went to, I couldn’t help but compare in my mind the differences and similarities of my first year and this one. The most notable, and obvious difference, was that unlike my first year, I was able to attend intermediate to advanced classes and understand the lingo 😊 

The other difference was definitely networking. My first year the thought of introducing myself to anyone other than the professors from BYU didn’t occur to me, but this year it was a constant thought at the back of my mind. That being said, was I very good at networking this year? Probably not. As a naturally reserved person networking is something that is harder for me than other things and something I am working on one step at a time. But the good thing is I can already see some improvement in myself in that area, small though it may be.

I was surprised at the similarities I found between the first year and this year. Just like 2015, this year of RootsTech filled me with so much inspiration and motivation! If you ever feel that you need to put some more fire back into your family history life, RootsTech is the place to do it. Just like my first year gave me the courage to continue on with my decision of studying Family History, this year, what I learned at RootsTech gave me the courage to put myself out there more on social media, and to start working towards accreditation. After RootsTech this year I feel renewed, and I am so excited for the future!

Apart from my personal self discoveries explained above, I also learned so much from each class! I decided I would share some of the highlights from a few of my favorite classes. Hopefully they will inspire you as they did me ðŸ˜Š

Hear Them Sing! Social History in your Family Narrative - Rebecca Whitman Koford
  • Social History: The study of ordinary people
  • Writing -
    • Tune Up: Gather facts
    • Theme Song: Personality
    • Weave in Melody: Research general history
    • Harmonize: Research specific history
    • Hear Them Sing: Bring out their voice
Uncovering Family Stories with British & Irish Historic Newspapers-Myko Clelland
  • Return to findmypast.org often, because new newspapers are added frequently
  • Use wildcards in your search
    • + before a word = the word must be present
    • - before a word = the word is not in the result
    • "word or phrase" = get it exactly
  • Avoid dates as much as possible, they can narrow it down too much.
New York Research Essentials - Ashley Lish, D. Joshua Taylor, Frederick Wertz
  • State census records
    • 1825-1845 - Names of the household
    • 1865-1875 - Includes more information
    • 1855-1875 - Includes special schedules, including some marriage and death schedules
  • Fultonsearch.org - a better way of searching the Fulton Postcards website
Finding 17th Century English Ancestors - Else Churchill
  • Tax Records
    • Subsidies
    • "Free & Cheerful Gift" 1625
    • Ship money 1630-40
    • Poll Taxes 1641-1697
    • St. Paul's Cathedral Fund 1677/8
    • Hearth Tax 1662-1689
Perspectives on Accreditation - Diana Elder, Julie Stoddard, Lisa Stokes
[This class convinced me to start working towards accreditation!!!]
Level 1
  • 1,000 hours experience
  • 500 of those in the region of interest
  • 80 hours in each administration district
  • Four generation project
    • Pedigree Charts
    • Family Group Records
    • Key Source documents
    • Research Log
    • Report
      • Clear Strong objective
      • Evidence Analysis
      • Source Citations (not specific style, but consistent)
      • Transcriptions & Abstracts
      • Future Research
Level 2
  • Document Interpretation
    • Create a research plan based on the document
    • Some regions have language requirements
Level 3
  1. 4 Hour Research Project
  2. Oral Review
How to Prepare:
  • Start now!
  • Attend classes and conferences
  • Keep track of your hours
  • Use ICAPGen resources
  • Read, research and write!
Finding the Poor & Destitute Irish - Brian Donovan
  • In 1922, the records building was destroyed
  • Land & security records survive because Britain wanted to keep track of the Irish
  • Registry of Deeds - irishdeedsindex.net
  • There are maps on Trinity College's website
  • The Land Commision
    • Founded in 1881 to establish fair rents
    • 1885 Ashbourne Act - broke up the estates
  • For Northern Ireland you can get the records on PRONI (Public Record Office of Northern Ireland)
These are only a few of the classes I went to, and only a very small bit of what I learned from each class! I'm already counting down the days until next year's RootsTech!

Saturday, January 26, 2019

The Life of Mary Jane was not Plain

I have to give the credit of this story title to my mother. I’m a bit of a sucker for things that rhyme (I blame the Princess Bride), and considering my mom plays a part in this story it only seemed fair to let her name it.

This story begins with a family tradition. We all have them, and they range in their believability and preposterousness (did I just make those words up?). There are some people who would seem to stake their lives on the truth of a story told to them by their great, great-grandmother, even when it’s not proven truth. And then there are people like me who basically refuse to believe any tradition unless I have proof. I’d always rather have the truth even if I find out the truth is uglier than the family tradition. You might say it sounds like I have personal experience with this? Why yes, yes I do.
I remember once hearing a tradition from someone in my family (can't remember who) when I was very young. My not remembering who it was might tell you how old I was at the time it was told to me. A perfect example of the “telephone game” aspect of family traditions. However, what I do remember is that my ancestor, Addison Winch, a school teacher wanted a better schoolhouse built for the children, and when no one did anything about it, he decided to burn down the old school so that they would have to build a new one. That was my distant, faded, and even fragmented childhood memory of the story. Like I said, it is very possible that I am remembering what my family told me all wrong. Imagine my mother's and my surprise when she found a newspaper article on the Old Fulton Postcards website (http://www.fultonhistory.com/Fulton.html), a fantastic tool for New York research. What she found I have since transcribed. This article not only shatters the family tradition's perception of Addison, but also sheds light on the life of his wife, Mary Jane Hall Winch. I thought about telling the story in my own words, but in the end, I decided the language of the article was too interesting not to share.

"The Buffalo Express Tuesday Morning November 21, 1898
Family Affair
Barn was Burned and Horse was Shot
--------
Narrow Escape of House
--------
Farm of Addison Winch of Marilla Turned Out A Sensation for the Neighbors-No complaint has been Lodged with Authorities
-------
 Wales Center... -  The barn on the farm of Addison Winch, in the town of Marilla about three miles from here, was burned about 6 o’clock this morning. The house also was damaged by fire. Mr. Winch is alleged to have set fire to both house and barn. Incidental to the burning of the barn and the attempt on the house it is said that a horse was shot by Mr. Winch.
 The story of the affair at the Winch farm as told by neighbors and uncontradicted so far as known by anyone is to this effect. Mr. Winch is about 62 years old. With his wife and two children, one a boy and the other a girl, both in their teens, he lives in a comfortable house on his farm. He has been a semi-invalid suffering from dyspepsia, for several years. This morning he wanted to take the horse to drive to Porterville, about four miles from home. He said he would take his daughter with him as far as her school. Mrs. Winch wanted to take the girl to school herself. Mrs. Winch went to the barn, it is related, to harness the horse. Mr. Winch followed her. Mrs. Winch led the horse from the barn. In what followed, Mr. Winch is said to have been upset both bodily and mentally. He drew a revolver from his pocket and shot the horse.
 Mrs. Winch and her daughter are said then to have gone to the house of a neighbor. Soon after their departure the barn was seen to be burning. When neighbors arrived it was too far gone to be saved. The house was found to be burning in two places, but the flames there were extinguished.
 A neighbor sent word to Winch’s son in school in this village. The son called on Dr. J.D. Wooster, the family physician, who advised him to see a justice of the peace. The justice sent words to Mrs. Winch to come to town and lodge complaint and he would issue a warrant for the arrest of her husband, but the invitation was not accepted. Mr. Winch himself came to town and is now at the home of a friend. To the correspondent of The Express, he said he was sorry that he had been led by his temper. After shooting the horse he gave the revolver to Charles Blood, a neighbor.
 No one seems to be disposed to proceed against Mr. Winch on a charge of burning his own barn and shooting his own horse."[1]

Quite the revelation, isn’t it? While Mary Jane and Addison were still living together with their two children in 1892, by the time the 1900 census was taken, Addison is a patient in the Buffalo State Hospital, where it is possible he still was in 1905 and 1910.[2] In 1915 Addison lived in Alden, New York as a boarder; in 1920 he lived with extended family, and in 1925 he lived in Armherst, New York.[3] Mary Jane lived with her children in 1900, 1910, 1920, and most likely until her death in 1925.[4]
When I visited Mary Jane and Addison’s graves, I was amused to see that while they were next to each other with the rest of the family in a row, there was a big gap between their headstones. Whether or not this was intentional, this seemed to fit very well with how they could have felt about each other.
So why am I telling you this “disgraceful” family story? Firstly, to prove you can’t believe family traditions without doing some research. And secondly because, while dear Grandpa Addison is hardly someone to look up to, I think Grandma Mary Jane is an example of someone who made it through hard circumstances. While I have no evidence that she wasn’t just as cantankerous as Addison, I just get that feeling that she wasn’t. It’s a special feeling one can get about their ancestors now and then. I don’t get it very often, and when I do, I take it seriously. It’s as if that ancestor wants you to know something about them when there is just simply no other way to hear their voice. I also believe in Mary Jane because I have seen similar experiences of women throughout history and even in those around me. Lest I seem biased to my own sex, I must also say I’ve seen the same in the lives of men who have had their own equally trying family members. Perhaps what it all comes down to is that people are people. We all make mistakes. And if Addison is any indication, sometimes life will seem downright crazy. I can't know exactly what life was like for Mary Jane, though I can wonder and suppose. I think in some ways she must have felt very alone. But in a way, I feel that my thinking about her, even though it’s now years down the road, has made her not as alone as it may have seemed to her at the time.


[1]The Buffalo Express, “Family Affair Barn was Burned and Horse was Shot,” Tuesday Morning November 21, 1898, online image, database, (http://www.fultonhistory.com/Fulton.html : accessed January 21, 2019).
[2]"New York State Census, 1892," Marilla, Erie, New York, United States, Pg. 6, ED 02, database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org : accessed 21 January 2019).
"United States Census, 1900," Buffalo State Hospital, Buffalo, Erie, New York, United States, ED 267, Sheet 16B, database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org : accessed 21 January 2019).
"New York State Census, 1905," Buffalo, Erie, New York, United States, Ward 24, E.D. 06, pg. 38, database with images, FamilySearch(https://familysearch.org : 21 January 2019).
"United States Census, 1910," Buffalo, Erie, New York, United States, ED 188, Sheet 18B, database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org : accessed 21 January 2019).
[3]"United States Census, 1920," Alden, Erie, New York, United States, ED 2, Sheet 3A, Line 2, database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org : accessed 21 January 2019).
[4]"United States Census, 1900," Holland Township, Erie, New York, United States, ED 248, sheet 9A, online image, FamilySearch(https://familysearch.org : accessed 26 January, 2019).
"United States Census, 1910," Aurora, Erie, New York, United States, ED 246, sheet 17A, database with images, FamilySearch(https://familysearch.org : accessed 26 January 2019).  
"United States Census, 1920," Buffalo Ward 25, Erie, New York, United States, ED 249, sheet 4A, database with images, FamilySearch(https://familysearch.org : accessed 26 January 2019).
"Find A Grave Index," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org : accessed 26 January 2019), Mary Jane Hall Winch, 1925; Burial, Marilla, Erie, New York, United States of America, Marilla Cemetery; citing record ID 184570493, Find a Grave, http://www.findagrave.com.

Thursday, November 8, 2018

A Southern Belle Goes West: The Life of Mary Bettis Compton


Introduction
This first story is one that I did as part of my undergrad coursework nearly two years ago. I recently dug it out of the closet and spruced it up a tiny bit. It is definitely not like I want it to be yet, but I thought since this is a story/history blog I should at least have one story on here before I have to get distracted by other things in my life. Mary is my 4th great Grandmother and I have loved learning about her. Originally the personal letter was not included in this bio, but I found it within the last few months and boy was I excited! It is a wonderful piece of her that I don't have anywhere else. As to the style of this bio, I personally think it is a little boring to read, and someday I'd love to add more of my personal style so that it's not quite so academic. But that will have to be a project for another day. I hope you enjoy learning about Mary, I certainly enjoyed researching about her. She demonstrates a life that so many of your ancestors probably lived as well. 


A Southern Belle Goes West: The Life of Mary Bettis Compton



Mary Bettis Compton, a southern belle and pioneer women living in Farmington, Utah, in 1880, had experienced much in her 64 years of life. From being a Tennessee farmer’s daughter, to leaving her friends and family with her husband to join the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Illinois, and then crossing the country to a desert while losing her husband along the way, is a story that most of us in the twenty first century cannot completely understand. While many details of her life are missing, what we do know shows a woman of courage and determination.
Mary Bettis Compton was born on December 20, 1814 in Lebanon, Wilson, Tennessee to James Bettis and Sarah Ann Burton.[1]  James, is recorded as being a farmer, an occupation belonging to most in Tennessee during that time.[2] In 1829, James bought one hundred acres in Wilson county, part of “Middle Tennessee.”[3] Here, two of the principal crops grown by farmers were tobacco and cotton.[4] Livestock was also a significant part of the farming life in Tennessee. Not only was swine a common livestock in Tennessee, but horse farms were also not uncommon.[5] Farming sustained Tennessee and while it is not known exactly what James Bettis grew or raised, farming would have been the way of life for his daughter Mary. The harvest, the weather, and the chores, to some extent would have been a family affair.[6] Of course, at this time in history,  many had slaves which might have lessened the workload for some children. The slave population in Tennessee varied from county to county, but in 1860 the population in Wilson County ranged from “3,300 to 10,000.”[7] From this number one might guess what the numbers might already have been during Mary's childhood forty years earlier. While James Bettis is not recorded as owning slaves in the 1850 census, it is possible that Mary’s family owned some slaves at some point in their lives, and family tradition has it that upon Mary’s marriage to Allen Compton on January 8, 1832, Mary was given a slave by her father as a wedding present.[8] William Bettis, a resident of Wilson county and a possible relative to Mary, owned eight slaves in 1850.[9]
            Allen Compton, was also a native of Wilson county.[10] After their marriage, the couple lived in Wilson county for sometime, and it was the birthplace of three of their children, William (b. 1834), James (b. 1836), and Sarah Ann (b. 1838).[11] When they met missionaries from the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, they were baptized on the 28th of July in 1842. One tradition claims that the family then soon moved to Illinois because of heavy persecution in Tennessee. This is not unlikely as many members of the church received heavy persecution during this time.[12] Eventually the Comptons joined the with the larger group of Saints as they began the exodus from Nauvoo to Utah. The journey was hard, and the children, including three additional children who had been born in Illinois (Elizabeth b. 1840, John Allen b. 1842 and Emma Jane b. 1844) suffered from scurvy.[13] Because of this and other struggles, the family stayed at Council Bluffs, Iowa for a time.[14] Then came the call from the United States government for men to aid during the Mexican War. Mary’s husband Allen answered the call and he became a private in Company D. During his service he also became part of the Willis Sick Detachment.[15] Mary’s feelings during this time, when she was left to provide and protect her young family on her own, can be imagined. A small glimpse of their circumstances can be seen in a surviving letter she wrote to Allen in 1846 (original spelling kept in transcription):


“Camp of Israel August 26th 1846
Dear Husband I now take the oppertunity of
writing to you to let you Know that me and
my Little family are all Enjoying good health
at this time hoping that [?] feed lines may find
you Enjoying the same like Blesings I have
received two Letters from you one Dated August
6th the other the 8th which gave me much satisfaction
to hear that you wos Enjoying good health you wan
ted me to Let ^you^ Know my Present Situation and who
I was in the care of I am in the care of Brother
bird and he under the direction of the twelve the
money that you sent me is in the hands of the
twelve and they are going to send it Down the
river all to gether in ^the^ hands of one man I have
talked with Brigham my self and he says that
such Artickels can be broght her cheaper than
I could have them brought my self the church
are generaly sending in this way and Each one sent
a bill of such Artickels as they want I have sent
My Bill for 4 Barrells of flour 25 [?] of coffee 1 Bolt
Cotton cloth 12 yds of Lindsey 8 yds of Blue Dr[?]ing
6 yds of James 16 yds of calico 5 pair of shoes and one
[low] you wanted me to let you Know whither there
would be a chance for me to come on in the sp
spring or not I talked with Brigham and he says
there will Be a chance to come on in the spring
I would Like for you to send me about ten Dollars
moore and I want you to send it in a letter to
me, you wanted me to let you ^now^ whither I was in a house
or not I am in a house   I want you to write
me as often as you can as I am anxous to Know
how you are gitting a Long and how your health is
we think the time Long to see you again
but I feel in hops that ^the^ Lord will Perserve our
healths and prepare a way for us to git to calle
forny next fall where we shall Enjoy Each others
Sosiety as in former Days I have nothing moore
at this time to send you But Ever Reman your
Affectionate Wife untill Death”[16]


      The family was still in Council Bluffs when Allen returned to them.[17] Family tradition claims that they ran a hotel as they prepared to finally finish the trek west. Before this could happen however, Allen died there in Council Bluffs, during 1875.[18]
            Now fatherless, the family still continued on to Utah. The journey for Mary at forty-four years old and alone, must have been a great trial of faith. The company of people they traveled with is unknown, but when they arrived in 1859,  they chose to settle in Farmington, Utah, twelve years after the first Utah settlers.[19] Log cabins and adobe houses were the most common structures in Farmington, and though no evidence of where the family lived exactly has been found, it is very probable that their place of abode were either of these two styles of homes.[20] As the small town became more settled, two edifices important to the Compton’s family and religious life were built, an adobe schoolhouse in 1857 and the first chapel in 1862.[21]
            Whether or not the Compton family turned to farming, or if they had other employments when arriving in Farmington, is not known for sure. However, as many of the families in Farmington were farmers, and as the family’s background was also in farming, this occupation is probable. Mary never remarried, and she and her children were listed as laborers in the 1860 and 1870 United States censuses, though no distinction of what kind of laborer was made.[22] By 1880 Mary was living on her own, then residing in Fillmore, Millard, Utah.[23] Other family members, including her daughter Elizabeth, continued to live in Farmington.[24]
            The details of how Mary lived the rest of her life until her death on August 5, 1887, are not known, however, one can imagine that it would have been spent being with her family, practicing her religion and just plain surviving.[25] Life if the desert of Utah was not easy for these people. Living through the harsh winters, learning how to make crops grow in the dry desert and learning to live with, or to protect themselves against the Native Americans as well as other natural calamities of the frontier, were a constant struggle and process for everyone throughout Utah. However, many came because of something they believed in, as Mary did. This could have been family, religion, or just hope in a new life, but whatever it was, it was important enough for Mary to leave everything she knew in Tennessee behind her. No record has been found that Mary ever saw any of her family in Tennessee again. Though she lived through many hardships, Mary demonstrated that one can survive devastation and hardship, and that through hard work and faith one can accomplish what may seem impossible. A legacy that any of her descendants can be proud of.



[1]“Berryman, Beatrice Ladell (b. 7 Apr. 1906) - Bevier, Sarah (twin) (b. 22 Jan. 1796),” Endowment index, 1846-1969, Temple Index Bureau, #1262707, microfilm, BYU Family History Library, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Provo Utah.
[2]“1850 United States Census,” Civil District No. 6, Wilson County, Tennessee, pg. 151, online image, FamilySearch (familysearch.org, accessed: January 14, 2017).
[3]“North Carolina and Tennessee, Early Land Records, 1753-1931,” Wilson County, Tennessee, United States, James Bettes, page 255, no. 9012, image 140 of 460, Ancestry.com (ancestry.com : accessed 24 March 2017).
[4]Donald L. Winters, Tennessee farming, Tennessee farmers: antebellum agriculture in the upper South (Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1994), 5.
[5]Ibid., 5.
[6]Dwight L. Smith, An Antebellum Boyhood: Samuel Escue Tillman on a Middle Tennessee Plantation, Tennessee Historical Quarterly, Vol. 47, No. 1 (Spring 1988), 3-9, JSTOR.
[7]Donald L. Winters, Tennessee farming, Tennessee farmers: antebellum agriculture in the upper South (Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1994), 136.
[8]“Tennessee, County Marriages, 1790-1950,” Wilson County, Tennessee, United States, image 988 of 1407, database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org : accessed 23 March 2017). 
Ella May Compton Swenson, History of Mary Bettice (Bettis) Compton, Daughters of the Utah Pioneers, Utah: March 25, 1987.
[9]"United States Census (Slave Schedule), 1850 ," Wilson County, Tennessee, image 14 of 88, online images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org : 5 April 2017)
[10]Susan Easton. Black, Membership of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 1830-1848 (Provo, UT: Religious Study Center, Dept. of Church History and Doctrine, Brigham Young University, 1989), Vol. 5, 247.
[11]Ibid., 247-248.
[12]"1840 United States Census," Northern district, Orange, North Carolina, pg. 61, online image, FamilySearch (familysearch.org : accessed 22 March 2017).
[13]“1850 United States Census,” District No 21, Pottawattamie, Iowa, United States, family no. 112, online image, FamilySearch (familysearch.org : accessed 21 March 2017).  
[14]Ibid.
Susan Easton. Black, Membership of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 1830-1848 (Provo, UT: Religious Study Center, Dept. of Church History and Doctrine, Brigham Young University, 1989), Vol. 5, 247-49.
[15]Norma B. Ricketts, The Mormon Battalion U.S. Army of the West, 1846-1848, Logan, Utah: Utah State University Press, 1996, 245-6.
[16]Mary Compton, written to Allen Compton, 26 August 1846, Mormon Battalion correspondence collection 1846, MS 2070, Digital Image, Church History Library, http://churchhistorycatalog.lds.org, accessed November 8, 2018.
[17]“1850 United States Census,” District No 21, Pottawattamie, Iowa, United States, family no. 112, online image, FamilySearch (familysearch.org : accessed 21 March 2017). 
[18]Susan Easton. Black, Membership of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 1830-1848 (Provo, UT: Religious Study Center, Dept. of Church History and Doctrine, Brigham Young University, 1989), Vol. 5, 247-49.
[19]"Elizabeth Hinman Passed Away," Davis County Clipper, 6 Dec. 1912, 1, Utah Digital Newspapers (newspapers.lib.utah.edu : accessed 22 March 2017).
"1860 United States Census,” Farmington, Davis, Utah Territory, United States, pg. 42, online image, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org : 7 March  2017).
Margaret Steed Hess, My Farmington: A history of Farmington, Utah, 1847-1976, Farmington: Helen Mar Miller Camp, 1976,  1.
[20]George Quincy, Knowlton, A brief history of Farmington Utah, Utah: Publisher not identified, 1965,10.
[21]Margaret Steed Hess, My Farmington: A history of Farmington, Utah, 1847-1976, Farmington: Helen Mar Miller Camp, 1976, 30.
[22]"1860 United States Census,” Farmington, Davis, Utah Territory, United States, pg. 42, online image, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org : 7 March  2017),
“1870 United States Census,” Farmington, Davis, Utah Territory, United States, pg. 154, online image, FamilySearch (familysearch.org : accessed 7 March 2017).
[23]“1880 United States Census,”  Fillmore, Millard, Utah, United States, Pg. 9, ED 30, 462A, online image, FamilySearch (familysearch.org : accessed 7 March 2017).
[24]“1880 United States Census,” Farmington, Davis, Utah, United States, pg. 18, ED 15, 294B, online image, familysearch(familysearch.org : accessed 5 April, 2017).
[25]“Berryman, Beatrice Ladell (b. 7 Apr. 1906) - Bevier, Sarah (twin) (b. 22 Jan. 1796),” Endowment index, 1846-1969, Temple Index Bureau, #1262707, microfilm, BYU Family History Library, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Provo Utah.

Copy of Mary Bettis Compton photo in the possession of the author.